Alzheimers Essays - Cognitive Disorders, Learning Disabilities

Alzheimers Essays - Cognitive Disorders, Learning Disabilities Alzheimers Late Memory Loss That Affects Job Performance It's entirely expected to once in a while overlook assignments, partners' names or a business partner's phone number, yet for the most part recollect them later. Those with a dementia like Alzheimer's sickness, may overlook things all the more frequently, and not recall them later. They may more than once pose a similar inquiry, not recalling either the appropriate response, or that they previously posed the inquiry. Trouble Performing Familiar Tasks Occupied individuals can be diverted every once in a while and leave the carrots on the oven, just making sure to serve them toward the finish of the dinner. Individuals with Alzheimer's infection could set up a feast, neglect to serve it, and even overlook they made it. Issues with Language Everybody experiences difficulty finding the correct word now and again, however can complete the sentence with another suitable word. An individual with Alzheimer's malady may overlook basic words, or substitute wrong words, making their sentence unfathomable. Bewilderment of Time and Place It's not unexpected to overlook the day of the week or your goal for a second. In any case, individuals with Alzheimer's illness can get lost on their own road or in a recognizable shopping center, not knowing where they are, the means by which they arrived or how to return home. Poor or Decreased Judgment Individuals can turn out to be so drenched in a movement or phone discussion they briefly overlook the kid they're viewing. An individual with Alzheimer's illness could altogether overlook the youngster under their consideration and go out to visit a neighbor. Issues with Abstract Thinking Individuals who regularly balance their checkbooks might be quickly vexed when the errand is more muddled than expected, yet will in the long run make sense of the arrangement. Somebody with Alzheimer's ailment could overlook totally what the numbers are and what should be finished with them. Losing Things Anybody can lose their wallet or keys, however inevitably discover them by remaking where they could have left them. An individual with Alzheimer's ailment may put things down in improper spots an iron in the cooler, or a wristwatch in the sugar bowl and not have the option to recover them. Changes in Mood or Behavior Everybody has a terrible day on occasion, or may get tragic or grouchy now and again. Somebody with Alzheimer's illness can show quick emotional episodes for no clear explanation: for example from quiet to tears to outrage to quiet in almost no time. Changes in Personality Individuals' characters conventionally change to some degree at various ages, as character attributes fortify or smooth. Be that as it may, an individual with Alzheimer's infection can change radically, getting incredibly touchy, dubious or dreadful. Loss of Initiative It's not unexpected to feel sick of housework, business exercises or social commitments, however a great many people recover their drive. The individual with Alzheimer's infection may turn out to be exceptionally inactive and require signals and inciting to get them engaged with exercises. These ten admonition signs likewise may apply to dementias other than Alzheimer's sickness. Individuals worried about these notice signs should see a doctor for a total assessment. The Is It Alzheimer's? Ten Warning Signs crusade has been financed through an instructive award from Parke-Davis. Home | Contribute | Volunteer | Membership | What's New | Calendar of Events | Links | About Alzheimer's | Programs and Services | Search Last refreshed: June 17, 1997 It would be ideal if you come back to alz-nova.org or call 800-207-8679 or (703) 359-4440 for more data about administrations in Northern Virginia. 1997 - 2000 Alzheimer's Association, Northern Virginia Chapter. All rights held.

Current Climate and the Need for MTSS Free Essays

Presentation/Current Climate and the Need for MTSS Now in cut, instructors in our state are responsible for expanding student achievement more than they have at any old clasp ( Guilfoyle, 2006 ) . Teachers in America are stood up to with expanding standpoints from national and territory measures alongside a logically assorted student base that challenge customary habits of guidance and obtaining. In add-on to expanding standards, answerability and an assorted student populace, educators are confronted with social issues that diminish quality schoolroom heading cut ( Public Agenda, 2004 ) . We will compose a custom article test on Current Climate and the Need for MTSS or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now The examination directed by Public Agenda ( 2004 ) expressed that â€Å"of the 725 focus and secondary school teachers reviewed, 97 % affirmed that great subject and conduct are vital for a school to blast. The study revealed that â€Å"77 % of teachers felt that their guidance would be better if wild practices did non require such a large amount of their time† ( Public Agenda, 2004 ) . Moreover, schools are losing understudies in the entry between in the middle of school and secondary school with first-year scholarly rates on the decrease. Research from McIntosh and partners ( 2008 ) suggested that Grade 9 scholastic open introduction was firmly associated with Rate 8 social informations while â€Å"Grade 9 conduct was unsurprising given Grade 8 scholarly performance† . Social breaks in the schoolroom take away from bearing clasp, and that diminished clasp at last influences scholastic open introduction. Consistently, the clasp that students miss at long last adversar ial understudy progression toward graduation, which expands secondary school dropout rates ( McIntosh, Flannery, Sugai, Braun, A ; Cochrane, 2008 ) . Customary habits of guidance that are more â€Å"reactive† than â€Å"proactive† no longer run into the requests of understudies, as schools face the contention of expanded assessment and exertion to non fall more distant behind internationally in employees. At Ottawa ( Kansas ) High School totally, 91 out of the 174 students in the present eighth-grade classification have been recognized as requiring additional scholarly mediation in regards to perusing ( J. Blome, individual conveying, November 28, 2011 ) . Experts who are accustomed to learning in confinement are presently being presented to an increasingly consolidate attitude in regards to data. Schmoker ( 2006 ) states that â€Å"Historically, schools have worked in storehouses where teachers give guidance free from different experts in the building.† These â€Å"silos† , in twist, customarily cause educators to bunch students with requests into wide â€Å"categories†, for example, specific gu idance, talented and so forth ( Harlacher A ; Siler, 2011 ) . Be that as it may, by gathering understudies into wide classs, single requests of students can be overlooked by these wide speculations. The present clime requests that teachers satisfy the needs of all students by creating proactive mediations at a methodical degree, rather than being responsive and puting our understudies in wide gatherings that do non run into their single requests. The clasp is presently in regards to â€Å"supporting kids both scholastically and typically so as to empower them to make their full strength ( Horner et. al. , 2005 ) . So as to achieve that end, school domains are get bringing down to execute â€Å"response-to-intervention† plans, or in the region of Kansas, Multi-Tiered Systems ( MTSS ) of help. MTSS can be utilized region wide, from Kindergarten to the 12Thursdayclass. For a focussed endeavor, the undermentioned paper will determine and explain the system of MTSS execution at the secondary school ( 9-12 ) degree with a highlight in MTSS understanding execution while providing delineations from Ottawa High School. Indicating MTSS, Its Purpose and Goals MTSS gets from a signifier of â€Å"Response-to-Intervention† ( RTI ) . Batche et al. , ( 2005 ) and Fuchs A ; Fuchs ( 2006 ) region that â€Å"RTI alludes to the example of providing high-caliber, multi-level heading and interventions coordinated to students’ requests, regulating understudy headway frequently, and estimating informations on student progression to discover the interest for specific guidance support† ( as refered to in Averill and Rinaldi, September, 2011 ) . Essentially, MTSS gives a deliberate assault to perusing, math and social interventions by using research-based bearing to all understudies inside a school. The Kansas Department of Education ( 2011 ) characterizes MTSS as â€Å"a rational continuum of proof based, framework wide examples to back up a quick reaction to scholarly and conduct needs.† The hypothetical record is non an accreditation plan ; rather, it is a school advancement framework that embarks to gracefully bar, support and early intervention for all understudies inside a school and domain. It tends to be adjusted to a collection of school accreditation plans from Quality Performance Accreditation ( QPA toward the North Central Accreditation ( NCA ) . The school improvement program goes about as a â€Å"overarching model that aides schools through a strategy of requests evaluation and assurance concocting that aids non simply picking solid examples, yet alongside in making a manageable adjusted system† ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . The finish of MTSS is to ensure that each child can be fruitful using the assets from schools ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports, 2011 ) . School domains other than do non require to gracefully additional assets or additional items to current examples, however rather it recognizes bing plans inside the school condition. From at that place, MTSS â€Å"practices to put those that yield grounds of effectivity, turn toing nations that are losing, and supplanting uneffective or wasteful assaults with those that are upheld by research† ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . The parts of the bargains other than achieved by the adherents: being bar arranged to flexibly bolster each piece ahead of schedule as conceivable each school twelvemonth and giving said underpins ; utilizing proof based interventions for all students ; and using informations to gauge progression and concocting adjustments when required ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports, 2011 ) . Model of MTSS-Tiered Learning As referenced, MTSS needs to ensure accomplishment for all understudies by using an arrangement of plans from inside the school. In regards to scholarly and social heading, MTSS gives â€Å"tiers† of help to students. Level 1 guide central focuses on providing standards and confirm based course to all understudies inside the school ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . At Ottawa High School, the present program for scholarly point of convergence is perusing mediation execution by the accompanying school twelvemonth. The program is in its diaper days, however removal and the MTSS crew has distinguished two boss constituents inside perusing: perception and jargon. For delineation, the crew is considering executing a framework wide jargon plot inside the school: LINCS ( R. Cobbs, individual imparting, November 30, 2011 ) . The plan utilizes visual creative mind, front cognizance and watchword mnemotechnic gadgets to make review cards to help students in jargon and appreciati on ( LINCS Vocabulary Strategy, 2011 ) . All schoolrooms use jargon in one signifier or the other and a predictable, precise assault from all educators can help all students inside Ottawa High School to increase jargon improvement ( R. Cobbs, individual conveying, November 30, 2011 ) . Level 2 guide happens when educators go over the request, â€Å"‘what would we say we are set up to make when they do non larn? ’† Essentially, understudies who are non run intoing achievement in Tier I interventions are recognized through headway observing and alluded to Tier 2 mediation. Level 2 mediations include foreordained additional interventions and plans dependent on the particular achievement sets that understudies need to achieve ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . For delineation, if students are recognized as holding issues with phonic cognizance for perusing, they are put on Tier 2 mediation and will have additional everyday help to assist them with that achievement. At the secondary school degree, students are to have an abundance 30 proceedingss of core bearing in minimal homogenous gatherings. Gatherings sizes at Tier 2 understudies extend from four-to-six students ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports†¦Reading, 2011 ) . Ottawa High S chool anticipates pleasing its coordinations to suit the requests of MTSS Reading Implementation. The program is to actualize a seven hr twenty-four hours with every hr at 53-minute increments. A 30-minute everyday mediation period will be executed for Tier 2 interventions. Educators distinguished as capable teachers will be drawn closer to assist the school with these understanding interventions, regardless of substance ( R. Cobbs, individual imparting, November 30, 2011 ) . At long last, Tier 3 guide happens when understudies need additional help past the guide of Tier 2 mediation. While Tier 2 mediations have standard intervention conventions for explicit requests for understudies, Tier 3 guide turns out to be significantly increasingly individualized as â€Å"the student’s educators, instructor, and guardians reliably decide the issues that should be tended to for the student† ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . Gathering sizes in Tier 3 mediations extend from one-to-three students and incorporate continuous progression observing to proceed to drive proof based bearing ( R. Cobbs, individual imparting, November 30, 2011 ) . Execution of Reading Practices of MTSS at the High School Level As expressed,

The Benefits Of Working With A Professional Terms And Conditions Writing Service

The Benefits Of Working With A Professional Terms And Conditions Writing ServiceIt is always important to look for professional help when you are starting your own business or just need some assistance with terms and conditions writing. Often people think that they can do the work on their own, but this is usually not the case. Because of this, you will want to make sure that you take the time to find a reliable and professional term and conditions writing service to ensure that your company stand out in the eyes of the public.Term and conditions writing services will be able to use the best and most appropriate words that will fit the needs of your customers. They will be able to give you excellent customer service and be able to provide you with the best service possible. You will then have the ability to maintain a great reputation among your customers by being able to establish a good reputation in the eyes of the public.With the different businesses and agencies that you can fin d online, you will be able to find one that is able to provide you with the best service possible. Using a service that is not reliable, can end up costing you a lot of money and end up putting you at a disadvantage against your competitors. Because of this, it is important to choose the best term and conditions writing service that you can to be able to stand out from the competition.When you are working with a term and conditions writing service, you will be able to ensure that you meet all of your client's needs. This means that you will be able to provide them with the best type of products and services that they need. This can help your business to succeed in the marketplace and help your business to grow.A professional term and conditions writing service will be able to work with you to create the best written documents possible. This can include anything from invoices to contracts. They will be able to work with you to create documents that can be of the best quality possible and still meet all of your needs.These services will be able to provide you with documents that are of the highest quality possible. These documents will be more valuable to your business because of the fact that they will be of the highest quality possible. This will also help to keep you from being penalized by the government agencies that are within your reach.You can get these documents in an easy to read format that is easy to understand. These will also be put together quickly and easily so that you can be provided with the best documents possible. These documents can be of the highest quality so that you can get the best return on your investment.By choosing to use a good service, you will have a business that can be of the highest quality possible. You will also be able to get your documents handled quickly and efficiently so that you will be able to get the best services available. With this, you will be able to get the best deals possible and be able to grow your business as quickly as possible.

Critical Thinking Process Is Applied Through A 10 Step...

Introduction According to Browne and Keeley, critical thinking is the application of active listening and asking questions in an effort to determine the validity of a speaker or writers claim (2013, p. 4). The critical thinking process is applied through a 10 step identification process: 1) issue and conclusion, 2) reasons supporting the conclusion, 3) ambiguous terms and phrases, 4) values and descriptive assumptions, 5) fallacies, 6) evidence, 7) rival causes, 8) statistics deception, 9) significant omission and 10) reasonable conclusions (Browne Keeley, 2013). Using the 10 step process, I will evaluate an internal memo from Mr. Anil Ravaswami, Vice President of Human Resources, to Ms. Cynthia Castle, CEO, for Cliffside Holding Company of Massapequa (CHCM) and identify the details of the critical thinking process (A. Ravaswami, personal communication, October 10, 2012, p. 3). Issue and Conclusion In an October 10, 2012 memo from A. Ravaswami to Ms. Castle, A. Ravaswami addressed the prescriptive issue regarding the value of a proposal brought forth by Ms. Florence Forsythe, Director of Operations, to subsidize junior insurance executive leadership development training through the Aspen Institute at an approximate annual cost of $200,000.00. According to Mr. Ravaswami, Ms. Forsythe’s proposition is not worth the investment by CHCM (A. Ravaswami, personal communication, October 10, 2012, p. 3). Reasoning In conformity with the Browne and Keeley’s (2013) guidance onShow MoreRelatedThe Best Practices : How The New Quality Movement Is Transforming Health Care1511 Words   |  7 Pagessystem. I believe that author’s involvement with quality issues of health care, knowledge of health news, and his familiarity with the leaders who contributed to improve quality of health care compelled him to write this book. The book provides a through history of innovations taken place in the US medicine including the statistics and few individual cases. It discusses the contributions of many leaders, who are dedicated to transform the system to provide safe, timely, effective and affordable patientRead MoreProfessional Nursing Theory1796 Words   |  8 Pagesprofessional identities. We need to use the critical thinking skills that are so essential to the practice of nursing to analyze how we apply current theories and philosophies to our own nursing practice. How do our personal theories and philosophies compare to the current thoughts out there today and how can we develop a plan to continue to grow professionally as nurse leaders? We are simply applying certain steps in the nursing process to our way of thinking about our practice and future growth –Read MoreProfessional Nursing1974 Words   |  8 Pagesprofessional identities. We need to use the critical thinking skills that are so esse ntial to the practice of nursing to analyze how we apply current theories and philosophies to our own nursing practice. How do our personal theories and philosophies compare to the current thoughts out there today and how can we develop a plan to continue to grow professionally as nurse leaders?   We are simply applying certain steps in the nursing process to our way of thinking about our practice and future growth –Read MoreEmployee Satisfaction And Performance Advantage1477 Words   |  6 Pagesfactor in employee’s goal achievement, motivation, and positive morale in the workplace. Therefore, employees utilize their personal skills, work competencies, self-confidence, self-assurance and accomplishments base on job performances. The employees critical component is to carry out their work duties and make contributions to the employer’s needs (Heathfiled, 2016). Employee satisfaction measured by using an anonymous satisfaction survey that will not violate the employee’s privacy. The leaders mustRead MoreCritical Thinking Skills2775 Words   |  12 PagesMeaning Critical thinking clarifies goals, examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, accomplishes actions, and assesses conclusions. Critical as used in the expression critical thinking connotes the importance or centrality of the thinking to an issue, question or problem of concern. Critical in this context does not mean disapproval or negative. There are many positive and useful uses of critical thinking, for example formulating a workable solution to a complexRead More Teaching Philosophy as Education and Evaluation of Thinking Essay3175 Words   |  13 PagesABSTRACT: Teaching philosophy and critical thinking is one of the main ways to clearly reaffirm the value of human persons and of goodness and freedom. It is not sufficient to propose a philosophical message, but we must teach it systematically (curriculum) with a real synergy between teachers and parents. We must also build a curriculum, which includes an evaluation model based on clear goals and objectives: the intermediate and final evaluation and assessment will enable us to be sure that we haveRead MoreBalanced Scorecard: Management Control System534 7 Words   |  22 Pagesmeasurement-based balanced scorecards are simple dashboards of performance measures grouped into categories that are of interest primarily to an organization’s managers and executives. Typical categories include financial measures, and customer, process, and organization capacity measures. Measurement-based scorecards almost always report on operational performance measures, and offer little strategic insight into the way an organization creates value for its customers and other stakeholders. Read MoreAppreciative Inquiry2314 Words   |  10 Pages(AI) is a form of organizational analysis and development based on understanding what currently works well and then building on strengths to make an even better organization. AI suggests that we look for what works in an organization; moreover, this process is a series of statements that describe where the organization wants to be, based on the high moments of where they have been (Hammond, 1998). Appreciative Inquiry applies among organization development practitioners, and other areas of change andRead MoreCrucial Conversations Essay2988 Words   |  12 Pageswords go back to the book again, learn some more and apply your new learnings. Deep thinking was not even a phrase I had thought about in at least two years (since my last Dr. Bill class). Obviously, this book was hand picked for a reason to allow the process of deep CRITICAL thinking to take place. Go back and apply what you have learnedÂ…. learn moreÂ…Â…. The beginning of the book dives into what is critical communications? Does it make a difference and honestly who cares? Specifically howeverRead MoreA Critique of the Critical Chain Approach to Project Management3777 Words   |  16 PagesCourse in Operations Management ASSIGNMENT 1: â€Å"A CRITIQUE OF THE CRITICAL CHAIN APPROACH TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT† 3,000 words excluding reference list and summary for Dr. Tom Mullen Anthony C Mould October 2003 Reprinted with the kind permission of Anthony C Moulds. This essay should be viewed as an example of a well written, structured, referenced and argued assignment. It has been issued to MBA students on commencement of their studies, prior to submission of their first assignment.

Employability Skills - 956 Words

Employability Skills: Employability Skills are those elemental experience that are necessary for taking, preservation and doing better on a job. These are the attitudes with makes workers enable to get simultaneously with their colleagues and managers and to make complex decisions. Unlike work or IT knowledge are in experience instead job specific and cut across all types of work enterprises. Even though the educational stage required by some admission-level jobs may be the lowest, educational or academic skills are still important for high job outputs. Even then more necessary to job success than gaining the starting academic skills is gaining good higher-level of thinking skills.(†¦show more content†¦However, these are merely the tools of the information age. Information and knowledge workers need to know how to use these tools and also what the consequences and effects are of using these tools for business systems activity. The characteristics of ICT are that it: _ transforms business processes, making them more efficient and effective; _ can be obvious or embedded in the environment around us; _ can be used to create, store and disseminate data; _ can be used to translate data into useful information for decision making. Information is a fundamental resource and is often referred to as the life-blood of a business organization. Information is important to all types of organization and the right type of information can sometimes provide a competitive advantage over other organizations in information-based societies. ICT performs a series of fundamental functions within business organizations: _ Data and information capture: using ICT to capture raw data (i.e. facts, figures, images, etc.). The capture of data (and sometimes information) can take many forms. Data capture is not just about alphanumeric data (i.e. numbers and words). For example, a system may capture a person’s image and match it up to a database of images; a system could also be used to collect information from facial images, fingerprints and voice intonation, known as biometric identification; a system could alsoShow MoreRelatedEmployability Skills 2000+1767 Words   |  8 PagesExecutive summary The first year of Business Administration program sufficiently covers almost all of the skills described in the Employability skills 2000+ handout from the Conference Board of Canada, at least as well as can be done in a single year. Each skill is examined and shown how the program transfers knowledge of the skill to the student. One of the recurring items is the major assignments that the students must complete the projects more than the instruction itself is what students learnRead MoreEMPLOYABILITY SKILL 24901 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿ Module Booklet Course: EDEXCEL BTEC (HND) Travel and Tourism Management Group: Ed excel Level 5 Module: Unit 24 – Employability Skills Module type: Optional Module Code: L/601/0992 Module Credit: 15 Teaching Period: (15+6 weeks) Level: 4 (QCF) Contact Hours: (15*3) + (6*3) = 63 Lecturers: 15 weeks Revision Clinic: 3 week Feedback and assignment guidance: 3 weeks Lecturer: Mr Olajumoke Taiwo Start date: February 2015 Day: Wednesdays and Fridays Time: 06.00p-9.00pm Term: CONTENTSRead MoreEmployability Skills Perceived by Employers and Students3869 Words   |  16 Pagesmanage their individual learning of new skills (Holden and Jameson, 2002). One of the most direct causes to this problem is the scarcity of quality graduates in the labour market, the graduates are accused for not being able to suit the graduates’ labour market needs. Employers recognize the number of technical skills possessed by graduates but not that of the non-technical skills (some call it employability skills) as the employers realize that non-technical skills are not strongly embraced by graduatesRead MoreThe Employability Skills and Self-Perceived Competence for Careers in the Hospitality Industry1914 Words   |  8 Pagesthat employers like to hire potential leaders who are skilled at stimulating people to take rational initiatives. Leadership skills are not the only skills needed by employers. In fact, leadership skills are some of the employability skills most desir ed by employers. Commission on Higher Education: This study will aim to provide factual ideas about the employability skills and self-perceived level of competence for careers in the hospitality industry of graduating students major in HRM at USM thatRead MoreEmployability Skills10127 Words   |  41 PagesLevel 5 Higher National Diploma | |Unit No. |Unit 47 | |Unit Name |Employability Skills | |Unit code |A/601/0992 | |Batch Read MoreEmployability Skills and Swot Analysis3044 Words   |  13 PagesEmployability skills and swot analysis The UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES) define employability skills as the skills almost everyone needs to do almost at any job. The employability skills term as UKCES defined in 2008 is most often related with the ‘job readiness’ through demonstration of some elements of the personal characteristics such as (time keeping, responsibility, basic social interaction etc.) but less related with creative thinking and problem solving skills. TheRead MoreThe Top 10 Employability Skills1788 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction For this report the students were randomly allocated into a group, where they were asked to compose a review on all of the different employability skills. This required them to carry out a variation of research consisting of both primary and secondary techniques, to help them gather their findings; this was for them to discover about many different careers rather than expanding upon one. The variety of different sources, which they also referred to, includes books, eBooks, journals andRead MoreSample Resume : Employability Skills3701 Words   |  15 Pagesâ€Æ' Unit No: 47 Unit Title: Employability Skills Assignment Cover Sheet Assignement N: 1 and 2 I hereby confirm that this assignment is my own work. I have identified and acknowledged all sources used in this assignment and have referenced according to the Harvard referencing system. I have read and understood the Plagiarism and Collusion section provided with the assignment brief and understood the consequences of plagiarising. Name: Krasimira Stefanova RegistrationRead MoreEmployability Skills At Heaton Manor1927 Words   |  8 Pages Employability Skills at Heaton Manor Employability Skills can be defined as the transferable skills needed by an individual to make them employable . Along with good technical understanding and subject knowledge, employers often outline a set of skills that they want from an employee. Suitable Qualifications At Heaton Manor it required to have more specific skills, such as NVQ qualifications with GCSE qualifications, with ALEVELS or BTEC National. It is important that you have the correctRead MoreSelf Evaluation, Employability Transferrable Skills1739 Words   |  7 PagesCoursework Header Sheet197958-4 | | Course | BUSI1312: PPD1: Study Skills amp; Self Eval | Course School/Level | BU/UG | Coursework | Assignment 1 - Initial Report | Assessment Weight | 10.00% | Tutor | CR Umney | Submission Deadline | 09/11/2012 | Coursework is receipted on the understanding that it is the student s own work and that it has not, in whole or part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has been used from other sources it has been properly acknowledged

Russian Media as a conveyer ideology and a tool of hegemony Free Essays

Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, news regarding Russia’s economic and political state has been spread abroad to other countries through the work of the media. The ideas represented in the Russian media have been responsible for the perception that the acquisition of material goods is not only desirable but indispensable to life and normality. The influence of the media might be considered hegemony, which is represented by the control of one group (the media) over a larger population (the Russians). We will write a custom essay sample on Russian Media as a conveyer ideology and a tool of hegemony or any similar topic only for you Order Now This control manifests itself in the perceptions of prosperity that are held by many Russians, largely because of the glamorization of Western culture as presented in the media. Because of the influence that this perception has had over the lives of many Russians, it is often thought on the one hand that all Russians currently live their lives in abject poverty. Because many cannot currently afford the expensive things they see Westerners enjoying, they consider themselves as living at a low standard, and this perception is also passed on to the West. On the other hand, it is also believed in some circles that the pomp that can be seen in the major Russian cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg is an accurate measure of how all Russians live. This too has stemmed from the above-mentioned media hegemony and the perception of material wealth that is passed on to the public as â€Å"normal.† The media has, therefore, been responsible for bombarding consumers with such views that promote wealth and materialism as being indispensable to any successful economic society, and this has led to inaccurate perceptions of the Russian economic situation. During the Soviet Union era, Communist ideology acted as a barrier to the entrance of Western ideas and views into the minds of the Russian public. However, with the fall of Communism and the deregulation of the media, an ideological hegemony began to arise. This hegemony has been fueled by the media. As a result, Western ideas of capitalism and materialism began to mingle freely with Russian socio-economic ideology. This ideological change is evident in the attitude of Yegor Gaidar, Acting Prime Minister of Russia following the Soviet Union’s collapse. He said, â€Å"Our main goal [is] the construction in our country of a stable and, at the same time, dynamic and prosperous Western-type society† (Diligensky Chugrov, 2000, p. 14). This opinion was made public to the Russians through the media. Gaidar continued to explain that the main difference between the Russian and the Western civilizations at the time was the development of a market economy and the right of citizens to own property. At such a crucial period of change, this ideology held by the leader also found its way into the minds of the Russians via the media. Because of this, more and more Russians began to strive for the material possessions characteristic of the typical Western society (Diligensky Chugrov, 2000). It is by the hegemonic efforts of the media that these and other ideas have been placed in the minds of the Russians. The effectiveness of the media in effecting this change in the Russian perception of Western civilization has been demonstrated in public opinion polls taken by Russian citizens. The citizens of the West are generally considered by Russians to have such enviable qualities as wealth, inviolable rights to property, high compensation for labor, and talent for entrepreneurship (Diligensky Chugrov, 2000). This can even more convincingly be attributed to the effect of the media as it has been noted by Russian thinkers that the order in which these qualities are valued by Russians does not represent the true hierarchy of value given to them by Westerners. Rather, it represents the extent to which these needs are perceived as unsatisfied within the lives of the Russians. The Russian media has played the role of portraying as indispensable those Western values that correspond with areas of Russian lack, and the media has made these values â€Å"especially visible against the background of impoverishment and economic hardships in Russia† (2000, p. 19-20). Because of the sheer visibility of the way Westerners live, which is made possible by the existence of the media in all its forms, Russians have perceived it as necessary to strive for these idealistic material values. In addition, their lack of material wealth has been perceived by those who look on as evidence that the Russians live in abject poverty. The media’s hegemonic control over the minds and perceptions of Russians and Westerners alike is evident in other ways. The ideas put forth to Russians via the press (as well as via media access to programming originating in the West) have led to what has been termed the capitalist revolution. With the West as its model, Russia has evolved into a society that contains a â€Å"business elite† (Lavelle, 2004). Within this society, the rise of the business elite has led to wealthy and propertied class that has become very visible in both the Russian and Western media. These persons, who are often celebrated by the media, are seen in such personalities as business tycoon Andrei Melnichenko. He has been publicized as the person who has had a large hand in the transformation of the Moscow MDM Group into a corporation that grosses three billion dollars a year (BusinessWeek, 2002). The media broadcasts the lifestyles of these extremely wealthy Russians who have a core of senior-level employees that also enjoy the fruits of capitalism. These persons live publicly in the very affluent and expensive areas—cities, such as Moscow and St. Petersburg. These cities now boast very high costs and standards of living in a country that had been widely perceived as being filled with persons who live below the poverty line, and this is shown to the world through the media. In fact, according to a worldwide cost of living survey, St. Petersburg ranks as having the 12th highest cost of living in the world. Moscow’s reputation is even more astounding as it ranks as the world’s most expensive city, (Mercer Consulting, 2006). Despite the general Western perception of Russia as having a struggling market economy, the media is now beginning to demonstrate that Russians have been able to afford the highest living standards and costs in the world. Two major implications derive from the fact that the two major Russian cities have been ranked among the most expensive in the world. One is that the perceptions of this country generally engendered by the media are to some extent quite erroneous. Many Russians are as able to afford material goods as their Western counterparts, and poverty is not the general state of all the persons who reside in the former Soviet Union. In fact, according to business reports, Russia’s general standard of living has been on the rise in recent years. This is demonstrated by the fact that its citizens have begun to feel a higher level of security in their economic situation (BusinessWeek, 2002). While in the early 1990’s inflation rates had been in triple digit numbers, by 2002 this had fallen to a mere 17 per cent. By that time too, the stock market index had risen by 27 per cent in the year, and Russians were being reported as â€Å"starting to trust Russia [because] money is coming back† (2002, p. 13). These views are now being over-represented in Western perceptions of Russia as a way of counteracting the previous media-created perception of the poverty of Russians. However, the fact that Moscow and St. Petersburg fall among the most expensive cities hides the fact that once one leaves these highly publicized cities, one is bombarded by a stark decrease in standard of living. What is not represented now in the Western media is this exaggeration of the capitalist gap (between the very rich and the very poor). The media largely demonstrates to the Westerners the wealthy side of Russia—perhaps as a means of de-emphasizing the prevalent idea of Russians as suffering in abject poverty. The media’s hegemonic influence urges Westerners to see the affluence of the large cities without giving a wider view of the whole country. This view would demonstrate the steep decline in living standards as one leaves these economic centers. The media represents a body that to a large extent controls Russians’ and Westerners’ perceptions of how Russia’s wealth compares to that of the rest of the world. This media hegemony carries out a two-fold deception, in which all Russians were once considered by Westerners as living in abject poverty, but that now is beginning to demonstrate all Russians as being wealthy. No balance appears to have been struck between the two views, as the media fails to present an accurately proportioned view of the situation. The media also demonstrates its hegemony in its ability to coerce Russians into viewing the property of Westerners the true measure of economic success. This fact is widely considered as a reason for the biased view of the Russian situation: Russians have been found to grasp for these material things, and these possessions often hide their true areas of lack. References BusinessWeek. (2002). â€Å"Russia’s new wealth.† Business Week Online. McGraw-Hill. Retrieved   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   on March 26, 2007 Diligensky, G. S. Chugrov. (2000). â€Å"The West† in Russian mentality. North Atlantic Treaty   Ã‚   Organization. Retrieved on March 26, 2007 Lavelle, P. (2004). â€Å"Forbes’ Paul Klebnikov: a victim of political terrorism.† In the National   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Interest. July. Retrieved on March 26, 2007 Mercer Consulting. (2006). â€Å"Moscow is the world’s most expensive city while Leipzig is the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   cheapest one in Europe.† City Mayors Economics. Retrieved on March 26, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.citymayors.com/features/cost_survey.html How to cite Russian Media as a conveyer ideology and a tool of hegemony, Essay examples

James Madison And The Slavery Issue Essays -

James Madison And The Slavery Issue James Madison and the Slavery Issue The Revolutionary period of the United States was a time filled with much turmoil and confusion as to how this newly found nation, should be modeled. Many delicate issues were discussed and planned out to get the best outcome for all concerned. One of these issues that cast an ominous shadow over the new republic was the slavery issue. Some of the most prominent figures at the head of this nation wanted to bring about an end to it but continuously failed due to the inconvenience of finding a workable plan. The topic of this paper is a man who is thought to have little to do with the slavery issue but played a relatively large role. James Madison although a slave owner himself wanted to rid the nation of this constant nuisance to the one truth America was founded on, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. Although he held many political offices, his opponents would contend tha t he did not take full advantage of them and should have been able to do more to eliminate the evil from society. In this paper, I plan to explain how James Madison was able to be very influential in the slavery issue. James Madison's ideas of slavery being an evil and needing to be done away with are ideas that have an indefinite point of origin. Two evens that may have had a profound influence on these ideas happened only a few years before his birth. In June of 1737, a slave named Peter was found guilty by a court of Oyer and Terminer of murthering his said master, and sentenced to be hanged (Scott, p. 134). Afterwards, Peter was beheaded and his head placed on a pole near a creek for all to see. The creek was renamed Negrohead Run and noted as a familiar place frequented by Madison. In 1745, a black female slave named Eve was burned to death for poisoning her master, Peter Montague. The sheriff who carried out Eve's sentence was the great uncle of Madison, Thomas Chew. His father related this story to Madison. Although these events may not have had quite an effect on Madison, the efforts of his parents were very influential. During Madison's youth, slavery combined the personal ease of the mast er with a life long consideration for the servant, (Brant, 1:44). Clement Eaton, author of A history of the Old South, describes many southerners as having a guilty conscience over slavery. It is uncertain whether Madison suffered from this but he did respect the slaves owned by his family. This respect was carried by Madison throughout his life and is often pointed to in the writings of his personal servant, Paul Jennings. After Madison's death he wrote that, [Mr. Madison] often told the story, that one day riding home from court with old Tom Barbour (father of Governor James Barbour) they met a colored man who took off his hat. Mr. M replied, I never allow a Negro to excel me in politeness, (Jennings, p.19-20). Madison would often write home asking about the family which to him included the slaves. One of the first direct references to slavery in Madison's writings came in a letter to Joseph Jones. In this letter, Madison responds to Jones' idea of offering slaves as a bonus to those who fight in the war for independence. Madison responds by saying: I am glad to find the legislature persist in their resolution to recruit their line of the army for the war, though without deciding on the expediency of the mode under their consideration, would it not be as well to liberate and make soldiers at once of the blacks themselves as to make them instruments for enlisting white soldiers? It would certainly be more constant to the principles of liberty which ought never to be loss sight of in a contest for liberty, (Hutchinson, 2:209). Madison's solution offered liberty not only for the white men who enlisted, but opened a door for Negroes of the time, to fight for that same liberty.